Tuesday, March 27, 2012

Treatment for Adolescent Gamblers


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      Addiction is a huge problem in our current society.  Whether the form of addiction involves substances, activities, or anything else, it hurts all of us some way or another.  Although addictions can occur in any individual, it is often overlooked in adolescents.  Surprisingly, adolescents have flocked toward gambling, which in turn, has resulted in part of the youth becoming psychological dependent on the addictive activity.  In the article, “Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Adolescent Pathological Gamblers,” the psychological dependency of adolescents to gambling is discussed.  Furthermore, to raise awareness, it is important to analyze the issue of adolescent pathological gambling in our society as well as a means treatment for those who suffer from the detrimental activity.
                Primarily, it is important to address the issue of adolescent pathological gambling within the United States.  With forms of legal gambling such as casinos and the lottery within the United States, gambling has grown; however, with the increase of gambling, the amount of pathological gamblers has grown as well.  There have been various studies for adult pathological gamblers; however, “86% of adult pathological gamblers started gambling before the age of 19,” which indicates that the adolescent population should be analyzed more than it currently is (Ladouceur, Boisvert, and Dumont 231).  Within the article, “Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Adolescent Pathological Gamblers,” various studies were done to see how prevalent the amount of adolescent pathological gamblers really is.  By surveying various juniors and seniors in different high school areas, results indicated the various percentages of adolescent pathological gamblers: 5.7% in New Jersey high schools, 1.7% in Quebec City high schools, and at least 4% in California, Virginia, and Connecticut high schools (Ladouceur, Boisvert, and Dumont 231).  These percentages indicate that a large majority of students in high school are already diagnosed pathological gamblers even though they are not currently adults.  Furthermore, the article states that “many of these young pathological gamblers reported disturbed family relationships, disruption of school or work activities, and performing illegal acts to obtain money for gambling or to pay gambling debts” (Ladouceur, Boisvert, and Dumont 231).  Given the previous information, one can clearly see that there is a need for treatment in those adolescents that suffer from pathological gambling.
                Finally, it is important to provide treatment for adolescents who are classified as pathological gamblers.  In the article, “Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Adolescent Pathological Gamblers,” a study was conducted which provided a few adolescents with treatment.  Although there have been many treatment methods conducted for adults, the study in the article wanted “to develop and evaluate the efficacy of a treatment program for adolescent pathological gamblers which includes cognitive restructuring, problem-solving training, social skills training, and relapse prevention” (Ladouceur, Boisvert, and Dumont 232).  In the study, four adolescents who met the pathological gambling criteria were given treatment for their addiction.  The subjects were assessed on a scale for control over gambling and a scale for severity of the gambling problem, which in turn, provided a way to analyze improvement.  For the treatment, the four subjects had to meet a “therapist individually at least 1 hour a week, for approximately 3 months,” and were given information about gambling, cognitive interventions, problem-solving training, social skills training, as well as relapse prevention (Ladouceur, Boisvert, and Dumont 234).  The first subject was given treatment after one week in the study while subjects two and three received treatment after two weeks, and subject four after three weeks.  All four subjects were given pathological gambling treatment until they were able to gain a score of eight on the scales for at least two weeks.  After the treatment was finally completed, the subjects were then given follow-ups after one, three, and six months.  All four adolescent subjects successfully completed the treatment and no longer met the criteria to be considered a pathological gambler.  According to the article, “treatment duration for adolescents [was] short compared to previous adult treatment programs which required more than 3 months of therapy, probably due to the fact that adolescents are less chronic gamblers” (Ladouceur, Boisvert, and Dumont 236).  Although treatment for the adolescents was a success, there are still relatively few methods for adolescents compared to adults.  Further studying should be conducted among adolescents; however, at least there is hope to correct the problem before they reach adulthood.
                Adolescent pathological gambling is an overlooked problem in our current society.  It is important to raise awareness as well as provide a means of treatment for adolescent pathological gamblers so that the problem can subside or at least be reduced.  The article, “Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Adolescent Pathological Gamblers” provided a beneficial treatment method for adolescent pathological gambling; however, there should be further research since the study in this article used a small sample as well as no control group.  By creating multiple treatment methods as well as an increase of awareness within our society, the effects of pathological gambling can be reduced by stopping it as it develops within adolescence.








Ladouceur, Robert, Jean-Marie Boisvert, and Jilda Dumont. "Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Adolescent Pathological                                     Gamblers." Behavior Modification 18.2 (1994): 230-42. Behavior Modification. Web. 15 Mar. 2012.